Teaching Text Structure

Text structure is the way information that is written in a text is organized. It is important for students to understand and identify various text structures so, while reading, they are able to organize ideas within the text and monitor their comprehension. Text structures should be taught one at a time over the course of several years. The use of graphic organizers, key words, and examples of expository texts should be used to help students understand each individual structure as they are taught. “Direct instruction around the structures commonly found in different genres also benefits students, especially those students who may struggle with reading” (Duke 2011). When students have an understanding of the text structure while reading, they have a better understanding of what to expect from the text, as well as how the ideas will be presented. This interaction with the text helps students to better comprehend their reading.

Below are some graphic organizers that can be used while teaching each text structure.

Description:

Sequence:

Problem and Solution:

Cause and Effect:

Compare and Contrast:

Duke, N., Pearson, D., Strachan, S., & Billman, A. (2011). Essential elements of fostering and teaching reading comprehension. What research has to say about reading instruction